3.58 \(\int \frac{d+e x^2+f x^4}{x^2 (a+b x^2+c x^4)} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=213 \[ -\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (\frac{a b f-2 a c e+b c d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-a f+c d\right )}{\sqrt{2} a \sqrt{c} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-\frac{a b f-2 a c e+b c d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-a f+c d\right )}{\sqrt{2} a \sqrt{c} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}-\frac{d}{a x} \]

[Out]

-(d/(a*x)) - ((c*d - a*f + (b*c*d - 2*a*c*e + a*b*f)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sq
rt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*a*Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) - ((c*d - a*f - (b*c*d - 2*a*c*e + a*b*f)/S
qrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*a*Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^
2 - 4*a*c]])

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.839172, antiderivative size = 213, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 3, integrand size = 30, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.1, Rules used = {1664, 1166, 205} \[ -\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (\frac{a b f-2 a c e+b c d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-a f+c d\right )}{\sqrt{2} a \sqrt{c} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-\frac{a b f-2 a c e+b c d}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}-a f+c d\right )}{\sqrt{2} a \sqrt{c} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}-\frac{d}{a x} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[(d + e*x^2 + f*x^4)/(x^2*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)),x]

[Out]

-(d/(a*x)) - ((c*d - a*f + (b*c*d - 2*a*c*e + a*b*f)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sq
rt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*a*Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) - ((c*d - a*f - (b*c*d - 2*a*c*e + a*b*f)/S
qrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*a*Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^
2 - 4*a*c]])

Rule 1664

Int[(Pq_)*((d_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Int[ExpandIntegrand[(d*x
)^m*Pq*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, m}, x] && PolyQ[Pq, x^2] && IGtQ[p, -2]

Rule 1166

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Di
st[e/2 + (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q), Int[1/(b/2 - q/2 + c*x^2), x], x] + Dist[e/2 - (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q), Int[1/(b/2 +
q/2 + c*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && NeQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && PosQ[b^
2 - 4*a*c]

Rule 205

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]*ArcTan[x/Rt[a/b, 2]])/a, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]
&& PosQ[a/b]

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{d+e x^2+f x^4}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (\frac{d}{a x^2}+\frac{-b d+a e-(c d-a f) x^2}{a \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx\\ &=-\frac{d}{a x}+\frac{\int \frac{-b d+a e+(-c d+a f) x^2}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx}{a}\\ &=-\frac{d}{a x}-\frac{\left (c d-a f-\frac{b c d-2 a c e+a b f}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{2 a}+\frac{\left (-c d+a f+\frac{2 a c e-b (c d+a f)}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}-\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{2 a}\\ &=-\frac{d}{a x}-\frac{\left (c d-a f-\frac{2 a c e-b (c d+a f)}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} a \sqrt{c} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac{\left (c d-a f-\frac{b c d-2 a c e+a b f}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} a \sqrt{c} \sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A]  time = 0.327722, size = 253, normalized size = 1.19 \[ \frac{-\frac{\sqrt{2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}\right ) \left (c d \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}-a f \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+a b f-2 a c e+b c d\right )}{\sqrt{c} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c} \sqrt{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}}+\frac{\sqrt{2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ) \left (-c d \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+a f \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+a b f-2 a c e+b c d\right )}{\sqrt{c} \sqrt{b^2-4 a c} \sqrt{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}-\frac{2 d}{x}}{2 a} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[(d + e*x^2 + f*x^4)/(x^2*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)),x]

[Out]

((-2*d)/x - (Sqrt[2]*(b*c*d + c*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*d - 2*a*c*e + a*b*f - a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*f)*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]
*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) + (Sqrt[2]*(
b*c*d - c*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*d - 2*a*c*e + a*b*f + a*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*f)*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + S
qrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[c]*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]))/(2*a)

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Maple [B]  time = 0.025, size = 563, normalized size = 2.6 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/x^2/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x)

[Out]

-d/a/x-1/2*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*f+1/
2/a*c*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*d+1/2/(-4
*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))
*b*f-c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)
*c)^(1/2))*e+1/2/a*c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/(((-4*a*c
+b^2)^(1/2)-b)*c)^(1/2))*b*d+1/2*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^
(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*f-1/2/a*c*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))
*c)^(1/2))*d+1/2/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^
2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*b*f-c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(
-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*e+1/2/a*c/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*
2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))*b*d

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Maxima [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \frac{-\int \frac{{\left (c d - a f\right )} x^{2} + b d - a e}{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}\,{d x}}{a} - \frac{d}{a x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/x^2/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate(-((c*d - a*f)*x^2 + b*d - a*e)/(c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a), x)/a - d/(a*x)

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Fricas [B]  time = 5.20909, size = 11429, normalized size = 53.66 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/x^2/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-1/2*(sqrt(1/2)*a*x*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2
*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f + (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 -
a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3
)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d
*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))*log(-2*(3*a*b^2*c^
2*d^2*e^2 - 3*a^2*b*c^2*d*e^3 + a^3*c^2*e^4 - a^5*f^4 + (b^2*c^3 - a*c^4)*d^4 - (b^3*c^2 + a*b*c^3)*d^3*e + (a
^4*b*e - (a^3*b^2 - 4*a^4*c)*d)*f^3 - 3*(a^3*b*c*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c - 2*a^3*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + (3*a^2*b^2*c*d*e^2 -
a^3*b*c*e^3 + (b^4*c - 3*a*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^2*c^3)*d^3 - 3*(a*b^3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d^2*e)*f)*x + sqrt(1/2)*((b^5*c
- 5*a*b^3*c^2 + 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d^3 - (3*a*b^4*c - 13*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^3*c^3)*d^2*e + 3*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^
2)*d*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*e^3 - ((a^3*b^3 - 4*a^4*b*c)*d - (a^4*b^2 - 4*a^5*c)*e)*f^2 + 2*((a^2*b^3*c
- 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*d*e)*f - ((a^3*b^4*c - 6*a^4*b^2*c^2 + 8*a^5*c^3)*d - (a^4*b^3*c
- 4*a^5*b*c^2)*e + 2*(a^5*b^2*c - 4*a^6*c^2)*f)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*
f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^
2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2
- (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b
*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f + (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b
*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^
2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*
d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/
(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))) - sqrt(1/2)*a*x*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*
c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f + (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*
e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3
*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b
*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^
2))*log(-2*(3*a*b^2*c^2*d^2*e^2 - 3*a^2*b*c^2*d*e^3 + a^3*c^2*e^4 - a^5*f^4 + (b^2*c^3 - a*c^4)*d^4 - (b^3*c^2
+ a*b*c^3)*d^3*e + (a^4*b*e - (a^3*b^2 - 4*a^4*c)*d)*f^3 - 3*(a^3*b*c*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c - 2*a^3*c^2)*d^2)*f^2
+ (3*a^2*b^2*c*d*e^2 - a^3*b*c*e^3 + (b^4*c - 3*a*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^2*c^3)*d^3 - 3*(a*b^3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d^2*e)*f)
*x - sqrt(1/2)*((b^5*c - 5*a*b^3*c^2 + 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d^3 - (3*a*b^4*c - 13*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^3*c^3)*d^2*e + 3*(
a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*e^3 - ((a^3*b^3 - 4*a^4*b*c)*d - (a^4*b^2 - 4*a^5*c)*
e)*f^2 + 2*((a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*d*e)*f - ((a^3*b^4*c - 6*a^4*b^2*c^2 + 8*a
^5*c^3)*d - (a^4*b^3*c - 4*a^5*b*c^2)*e + 2*(a^5*b^2*c - 4*a^6*c^2)*f)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4
+ 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2
*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2
*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*
b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f + (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a
^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d
^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a
^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b
^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))) + sqrt(1/2)*a*x*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*
b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*
b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a
^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)
*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))
/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))*log(-2*(3*a*b^2*c^2*d^2*e^2 - 3*a^2*b*c^2*d*e^3 + a^3*c^2*e^4 - a^5*f^4 + (b^2*c^3 -
a*c^4)*d^4 - (b^3*c^2 + a*b*c^3)*d^3*e + (a^4*b*e - (a^3*b^2 - 4*a^4*c)*d)*f^3 - 3*(a^3*b*c*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c
- 2*a^3*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + (3*a^2*b^2*c*d*e^2 - a^3*b*c*e^3 + (b^4*c - 3*a*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^2*c^3)*d^3 - 3*(a*b^3*c
- a^2*b*c^2)*d^2*e)*f)*x + sqrt(1/2)*((b^5*c - 5*a*b^3*c^2 + 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d^3 - (3*a*b^4*c - 13*a^2*b^2*c^2 +
4*a^3*c^3)*d^2*e + 3*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*e^3 - ((a^3*b^3 - 4*a^4*b*c)*d
- (a^4*b^2 - 4*a^5*c)*e)*f^2 + 2*((a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*d*e)*f + ((a^3*b^4*c
- 6*a^4*b^2*c^2 + 8*a^5*c^3)*d - (a^4*b^3*c - 4*a^5*b*c^2)*e + 2*(a^5*b^2*c - 4*a^6*c^2)*f)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^
2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b
*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2
)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))*sqr
t(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e
)*f - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*
a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*
c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a
^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))) - sqrt(1/2)*a*x*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3
*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*
a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*
d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (
a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*
b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))*log(-2*(3*a*b^2*c^2*d^2*e^2 - 3*a^2*b*c^2*d*e^3 + a^3*c^2*e^4
- a^5*f^4 + (b^2*c^3 - a*c^4)*d^4 - (b^3*c^2 + a*b*c^3)*d^3*e + (a^4*b*e - (a^3*b^2 - 4*a^4*c)*d)*f^3 - 3*(a^3
*b*c*d*e - (a^2*b^2*c - 2*a^3*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + (3*a^2*b^2*c*d*e^2 - a^3*b*c*e^3 + (b^4*c - 3*a*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^2*
c^3)*d^3 - 3*(a*b^3*c - a^2*b*c^2)*d^2*e)*f)*x - sqrt(1/2)*((b^5*c - 5*a*b^3*c^2 + 4*a^2*b*c^3)*d^3 - (3*a*b^4
*c - 13*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 4*a^3*c^3)*d^2*e + 3*(a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*e^3 - ((a
^3*b^3 - 4*a^4*b*c)*d - (a^4*b^2 - 4*a^5*c)*e)*f^2 + 2*((a^2*b^3*c - 4*a^3*b*c^2)*d^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2
)*d*e)*f + ((a^3*b^4*c - 6*a^4*b^2*c^2 + 8*a^5*c^3)*d - (a^4*b^3*c - 4*a^5*b*c^2)*e + 2*(a^5*b^2*c - 4*a^6*c^2
)*f)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4
+ 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*
b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*
c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))*sqrt(-(a^2*b*c*e^2 + a^3*b*f^2 + (b^3*c - 3*a*b*c^2)*d^2 - 2*(a*b^2*c - 2*a^2*c^2)*d*e + 2*
(a^2*b*c*d - 2*a^3*c*e)*f - (a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2)*sqrt(-(4*a^3*b*c^2*d*e^3 - a^4*c^2*e^4 + 4*a^5*c*d*f^3 - a
^6*f^4 - (b^4*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c^3 + a^2*c^4)*d^4 + 4*(a*b^3*c^2 - a^2*b*c^3)*d^3*e - 2*(3*a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)
*d^2*e^2 - 2*(2*a^4*b*c*d*e - a^5*c*e^2 - (a^3*b^2*c - 3*a^4*c^2)*d^2)*f^2 + 4*(2*a^3*b*c^2*d^2*e - a^4*c^2*d*
e^2 - (a^2*b^2*c^2 - a^3*c^3)*d^3)*f)/(a^6*b^2*c^2 - 4*a^7*c^3)))/(a^3*b^2*c - 4*a^4*c^2))) + 2*d)/(a*x)

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Sympy [B]  time = 96.5926, size = 1192, normalized size = 5.6 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x**4+e*x**2+d)/x**2/(c*x**4+b*x**2+a),x)

[Out]

RootSum(_t**4*(256*a**5*c**3 - 128*a**4*b**2*c**2 + 16*a**3*b**4*c) + _t**2*(-16*a**4*b*c*f**2 + 64*a**4*c**2*
e*f + 4*a**3*b**3*f**2 - 16*a**3*b**2*c*e*f - 32*a**3*b*c**2*d*f - 16*a**3*b*c**2*e**2 - 64*a**3*c**3*d*e + 8*
a**2*b**3*c*d*f + 4*a**2*b**3*c*e**2 + 48*a**2*b**2*c**2*d*e + 48*a**2*b*c**3*d**2 - 8*a*b**4*c*d*e - 28*a*b**
3*c**2*d**2 + 4*b**5*c*d**2) + a**4*f**4 - 2*a**3*b*e*f**3 - 4*a**3*c*d*f**3 + 2*a**3*c*e**2*f**2 + 2*a**2*b**
2*d*f**3 + a**2*b**2*e**2*f**2 + 2*a**2*b*c*d*e*f**2 - 2*a**2*b*c*e**3*f + 6*a**2*c**2*d**2*f**2 - 4*a**2*c**2
*d*e**2*f + a**2*c**2*e**4 - 2*a*b**3*d*e*f**2 - 4*a*b**2*c*d**2*f**2 + 4*a*b**2*c*d*e**2*f + 2*a*b*c**2*d**2*
e*f - 2*a*b*c**2*d*e**3 - 4*a*c**3*d**3*f + 2*a*c**3*d**2*e**2 + b**4*d**2*f**2 - 2*b**3*c*d**2*e*f + 2*b**2*c
**2*d**3*f + b**2*c**2*d**2*e**2 - 2*b*c**3*d**3*e + c**4*d**4, Lambda(_t, _t*log(x + (64*_t**3*a**6*c**2*f -
16*_t**3*a**5*b**2*c*f - 32*_t**3*a**5*b*c**2*e - 64*_t**3*a**5*c**3*d + 8*_t**3*a**4*b**3*c*e + 48*_t**3*a**4
*b**2*c**2*d - 8*_t**3*a**3*b**4*c*d - 2*_t*a**5*b*f**3 + 12*_t*a**5*c*e*f**2 - 6*_t*a**4*b*c*d*f**2 - 6*_t*a*
*4*b*c*e**2*f - 24*_t*a**4*c**2*d*e*f - 4*_t*a**4*c**2*e**3 + 12*_t*a**3*b**2*c*d*e*f + 2*_t*a**3*b**2*c*e**3
+ 18*_t*a**3*b*c**2*d**2*f + 18*_t*a**3*b*c**2*d*e**2 + 12*_t*a**3*c**3*d**2*e - 6*_t*a**2*b**3*c*d**2*f - 6*_
t*a**2*b**3*c*d*e**2 - 24*_t*a**2*b**2*c**2*d**2*e - 10*_t*a**2*b*c**3*d**3 + 6*_t*a*b**4*c*d**2*e + 10*_t*a*b
**3*c**2*d**3 - 2*_t*b**5*c*d**3)/(a**5*f**4 - a**4*b*e*f**3 - 4*a**4*c*d*f**3 + a**3*b**2*d*f**3 + 3*a**3*b*c
*d*e*f**2 + a**3*b*c*e**3*f + 6*a**3*c**2*d**2*f**2 - a**3*c**2*e**4 - 3*a**2*b**2*c*d**2*f**2 - 3*a**2*b**2*c
*d*e**2*f - 3*a**2*b*c**2*d**2*e*f + 3*a**2*b*c**2*d*e**3 - 4*a**2*c**3*d**3*f + 3*a*b**3*c*d**2*e*f + 3*a*b**
2*c**2*d**3*f - 3*a*b**2*c**2*d**2*e**2 + a*b*c**3*d**3*e + a*c**4*d**4 - b**4*c*d**3*f + b**3*c**2*d**3*e - b
**2*c**3*d**4)))) - d/(a*x)

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Giac [F(-2)]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: NotImplementedError} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((f*x^4+e*x^2+d)/x^2/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

Exception raised: NotImplementedError